题目：Humanisation and Dehumanisation in International Law（国际法中的人本化与反人本化）
时间：2023年12月8日（周五）15:00-17:00
Zoom ID：881 5494 9538
Password：643403
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开讲学者：Anne Peters （德国马克斯·普朗克比较公法与国际法研究所所长）
主持人：陈一峰（北京大学法学院长聘副教授）
评议人：
蔡从燕 （复旦大学法学院教授）
刘洋 （中国人民大学法学院助理教授）
刘洋 （中国人民大学法学院助理教授）
开讲学者简介：
Anne Peters教授为德国马克斯·普朗克比较公法与国际法研究所所长（2013年3月1日起任），兼任德国海德堡大学法学院教授、弗赖堡大学法学院教授、瑞士巴塞尔大学法学院教授、美国密歇根大学 L. Bates Lea 全球法学教授。她是欧洲国际公法学术研究的领军人物之一，主要研究方向包括国际公法、欧洲宪法、比较宪法、国际人权法等。
Peters教授先后求学于德国维尔茨堡大学、瑞士洛桑大学、德国弗赖堡大学（1994年获得德国弗赖堡大学法学博士学位）、美国哈佛大学（1995年获得美国哈佛大学法学硕士学位）。她曾任格鲁吉亚冲突问题国际实况调查团法律专家（2009年）、欧洲国际法学会会长（2010-2012年）、欧洲理事会“通过法律实现民主”威尼斯委员会德国代表（2011-2015年）等，并曾在德国宪法学会和国际宪法学会等多个学术团体的管理委员会任职。
Peters 教授目前担任德国联邦外交部国际法委员会成员、国际法协会使用武力委员会成员、德国国际法学会会长和巴塞尔治理研究所董事会副会长。
Peters 教授具有丰富的法律实务经验和深厚的学术理论功底，所著的《国际法史手册》曾于 2014 年获美国国际法学会图书奖。多年来，她受邀赴世界各地知名大学访问、讲学，也曾多次到访北京大学。她丰富的学识和精彩的讲授得到师生的广泛赞誉。Peters 教授目前的研究兴趣涉及国际公法的各个方面，包括其历史、全球动物法、全球治理以及人类在国际法中的地位。
Anne Peters is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law Heidelberg (Germany), a professor at the universities of Heidelberg, Freie Universität Berlin, Basel (Switzerland), and a L. Bates Lea Global Law professor at the Law School of the University of Michigan.
She was a member (substitute) of the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) in respect of Germany (2011-2015) and a legal expert for the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Conflict in Georgia (2009). She was the President of the European Society of International Law (2010-2012), and has served on the governance board of various learned societies such as the German Association of Constitutional Law (VDStRL) and the Society of International Constitutional Law (I CON-S). She is currently President of the German Society of International Law (DGIR) as well as Vice-President of the board of the Basel Institute of Governance (BIG).
Anne was a fellow at the Wissenschaftskolleg in Berlin, and held visiting professorships at the universities of Beijing (Beida), Paris I, Paris II, and Sciences Po. Born in Berlin in 1964, Anne studied at the universities of Würzburg, Lausanne, Freiburg, and Harvard, and held the chair of public international law at the University of Basel from 2001 to 2013. She obtained the Habilitation-qualification at the Walther-Schücking-Institute of Public International Law at the Christian Albrechts University Kiel on the basis of her Habilitation-Thesis “Elemente einer Theorie der Verfassung Europas” (Elements of a Theory of the Constitution of Europe) in 2000.
Her current research interests relate to public international law including its history, global animal law, global governance and the status of humans in international law.
讲座摘要：
International law has been reoriented to place the individual at its normative centre. This legal trend has, since the 1990s, been described as the ‘humanisation’ of international law. It consists in the emergence of ‘new’ human rights such as the right to a clean and healthy environment, the imbuement of all subfields of international law with human rights, the creation of international law-based, direct individual duties, and the consolidation of the individual’s legal status beyond human rights. ‘Humanisation’ occurs notably in the international law of armed conflict that increasingly allows for a co-application of human rights and acknowledges direct obligations of combatants and armed groups. In trade law and investment law, human rights-based approaches mitigate the relevant regimes’ primary goals and balance them against human rights. In areas such as refugee law, labour law, and development cooperation law, human rights serve as a complement and reinforcer. Human rights have most recently transformed even the jus ad bellum, and have powerfully stimulated climate litigation. This legal trend has been criticised with conceptual (doctrinal) and policy arguments across the entire ideological spectrum; and especially the human rights ‘inflation’ is being resisted.
The lecture engages with three critiques: that humanisation is a bedfellow of neo-liberalism; that it supports neo-colonial structures of domination; and that it is unduly anthropocentric and condones the ongoing ecologic catastrophe.
I respond, first, that we can and should distinguish between the atomised individual as an artefact of neoliberalism and the individual as a self-determining entity, and that humanisation can and should be attuned to economic inequalities. Second, humanisation can be ‘decolonised’ by integrating non-western traditions which combine communalism and individualism, in order to better situate individuals within communities and social contexts. Third, engagement with eco-centrism and post-humanism makes space for a ‘more-than-human’ international law that rests on an ‘entangled’ and ‘green’ humanism.
